| ||||||
| البحوث والتقارير البحوث المدرسية للمراحل الثانوية والأعدادية والأبتدائية |
 |
| | LinkBack | أدوات الموضوع | انواع عرض الموضوع |
|
#1
04-12-2008, 06:35 PM
| |||
| |||
| السلام عليكم أقووول أبغي مقدمة وخاتمة لتقرير الانجليزي عن الاترانسبورت  دخيييييييلكم اليوم ضروووووري 
__DEFINE_LIKE_SHARE__
 |
|
04-12-2008, 10:05 PM
| رقم المشاركة : [ 2 ] | |||||||||||||||||||||
| عضو جديد | 
Lorem ipsum, Dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing loreum ipsum edipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat. Loreum ipsum edipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat. Ut wisi enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamcorper suscipit. Lorem ipsum, Dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing loreum ipsum edipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat. Lorem ipsum, Dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing loreum ipsum edipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat. Loreum ipsum edipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat. Ut wisi enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamcorper suscipit. Lorem ipsum, Dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing loreum ipsum edipiscing elit, sed diam nonummy nibh euismod tincidunt ut laoreet dolore magna aliquam erat volutpat Leave a Reply سمحلي اخوي هذا الي حصلته وانشاء الله يكون عنه __DEFINE_LIKE_SHARE__ | |||||||||||||||||||||
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||
| | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|
04-12-2008, 10:13 PM
| رقم المشاركة : [ 3 ] | |||||||||||||||||||||
| عضو ماسي  | 
Introduction Transport or transportation is the movement of people and goods from one place to another. The term is derived from the Latin trans ("across") and portare ("to carry"). Industries which have the business of providing equipment, actual transport, transport of people or goods and services used in transport of goods or people make up a large broad and important sector of most national economies, and are collectively referred to as transport industries. History of transport The history of transport evolved with the development of human culture. Long distance walking tracks developed as trade routes in paleolithic times. For most of human history the only forms of transport apart from walking were or transport in small boats. Road transport The first earth tracks were created by humans carrying goods and often followed game trails. Tracks would be naturally created at points of high traffic density. As animals were domesticated, horses, oxen and donkeys became an element in track-creation. With the growth of trade, tracks were often flattened or widened to accommodate animal traffic. Later, the travois, a frame used to drag loads, was developed. Animal-drawn wheeled vehicles probably developed in Sumer in the Ancient Near East in the 4th or 5th millennium BC and spread to Europe and India in the 4th millennium BC and China in about 1200 BC. The Romans had a significant need for good roads to extend and maintain their empire and developed Roman roads . In the Industrial Revolution, John Loudon McAdam (1756-1836) designed the first modern highways, using inexpensive paving material of soil and stone aggregate (macadam), and he embanked roads a few feet higher than the surrounding terrain to cause water to drain away from the surface. With the development of motor transport there was an increased need for hard-topped roads to reduce washways, bogging and dust on both urban and rural roads, originally using cobblestones and wooden paving in major western cities and in the early 20th century tar-bound macadam (tarmac) and concrete paving were extended into the countryside . The modern history of road transport also involves the development of new vehicles such as new models of horse-drawn vehicles, bicycles, motor cars, motor trucks and electric vehicles . Maritime transport In the Stone Age primitive boats developed to permit navigation of rivers and for fishing in rivers and off the coast. It has been argued that boats suitable for a significant sea crossing was necessary for people to reach Australia an estimated 40,000-45,000 years ago. With the development of civilization, bigger vessels were developed both for trade and war. In the Mediterranean, galleys were developed about 3,000 BC. Galleys were eventually rendered obsolete by ocean-going sailing ships, such as the man-of-war, in the late 15th century. In the industrial revolution, first steam ships and later diesel- powered ships were developed. Eventually submarines were developed mainly for military purposes. Meanwhile specialised craft were developed for river and canal transport. Canals were developed in Mesopotamia circa 4000 BC. The Indus Valley Civilization in Pakistan and North India (from circa 2600 BC) had the first canal irrigation system in the world.[1] The longest canal of ancient times was the Grand Canal of China. It is 1794 kilometers (1115 miles) long and was built to carry the Emperor Yang Guang between Beijing and Hangzhou. The project began in 605, although the oldest sections of the canal may have existed since circa 486 BC. Canals were developed in the Middle Ages in Europe in Venice and the Netherlands. Pierre-Paul Riquet began to organise the construction of the 240 km-long Canal du Midi in France in 1665 and it was opened in 1681. In the Industrial Revolution, inland canals were built in England and later the United States before the development of railways. Specialised craft were also developed for fishing and later whaling. after that everyone walked Maritime history also deals with the development of navigation, oceanography, cartography and hydrography. Rail transport The history of rail transport dates back nearly 500 years, and includes systems with man or horse power and rails of wood (or occasionally stone). This was usually for moving coal from the mine down to a river, from where it could continue by boat, with a flanged wheel running on a rail. The use of cast iron plates as rails began in the 1760s, and was followed by systems (plateways) where the flange was part of the rail. However, with the introduction of rolled wrought iron rails, these became obsolete. Modern rail transport systems first appeared in England in the 1820s. These systems, which made use of the steam locomotive, were the first practical form of mechanized land transport, and they remained the primary form of mechanized land transport for the next 100 years. The history of rail transport also includes the history of rapid transit and arguably monorail history. Aviation Humanity's desire to fly likely dates to the first time man observed birds, an observation illustrated in the legendary story of Daedalus and Icarus. Much of the focus of early research was on imitating birds, but through trial and error, balloons, airships, gliders and eventually aircraft and other types of flying machines were invented. The first generally recognized human flight took place in Paris in 1783. Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier and Francois d'Arlandes went 5 miles (8 km) in a hot air balloon invented by the Montgolfier brothers. The Wright brothers made the first sustained, controlled and powered heavier-than-air flight on December 17, 1903. Conclusion Spaceflight The realistic dream of spaceflight dated back to Konstantin Tsiolkovsky, however Tsiolkovsky wrote in Russian, and this was not widely influential outside Russia. Spaceflight became an engineering possibility with the work of Robert H. Goddard's publication in 1919 of his paper 'A Method of Reaching Extreme Altitudes'; where his application of the de Laval nozzle to liquid fuelled rockets gave sufficient power that interplanetary travel became possible. This paper was highly influential on Hermann Oberth and Wernher Von Braun, later key players in spaceflight. Resources History of transport - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia http://www.ops.fhwa.dot.gov/aboutus/opstory.htm __DEFINE_LIKE_SHARE__ | |||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||
| | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|
04-13-2008, 07:51 PM
| رقم المشاركة : [ 4 ] | |||||||||||||||||||||
| عضو جديد |
 ماشالله تقرير بالفرنســي !
__DEFINE_LIKE_SHARE__
| |||||||||||||||||||||
|
| ||||||||||||||||||||||
| | ||||||||||||||||||||||
|
04-21-2008, 06:22 PM
| رقم المشاركة : [ 5 ] | |
| عضو ذهبي  | يسلمووووووو
__DEFINE_LIKE_SHARE__
| |
| ||
| |
|
| مواقع النشر (المفضلة) |
العرض العادي
| |
المواضيع المتشابهه | ||||
| الموضوع | كاتب الموضوع | المنتدى | مشاركات | آخر مشاركة |
| """"""""مطلوب لكزس lx570 الدفع كاااش """""""""" | محروم.كوم | منتدى أخبار المواقع والمنتديات العربية والأجنبية | 0 | 07-19-2010 03:50 AM |
| """""""""""""""""""""""""""فساتين زفاف راقية ومميزة """"""""""&am | محروم.كوم | منتدى أخبار المواقع والمنتديات العربية والأجنبية | 0 | 07-13-2010 12:00 AM |
| "دويتشه بنك": "إعمار" و"الدار" و"الخليج الأول" و"الموانئ" شركات واعدة | محروم.كوم | منتدى أخبار المواقع والمنتديات العربية والأجنبية | 0 | 04-22-2010 09:30 AM |
| "سيتي" يصدر تصنيفات إيجابية لـ "إعمار" و"الدار" و"العربية" و"الخليج الأول" | محروم.كوم | منتدى أخبار المواقع والمنتديات العربية والأجنبية | 0 | 09-29-2009 01:20 PM |
| """""للبيع باترول سوبر سفاري موديل 99 ديزل """"""""" | محروم.كوم | منتدى أخبار المواقع والمنتديات العربية والأجنبية | 0 | 04-28-2009 02:40 PM |
الساعة الآن 08:33 AM
- اخبار رياضية
- اخبار الامارات
- اخبار ريال مدريد
- اخبار برشلونه
- العاب فلاش
- مسلسلات وافلام
- مسجات
- فيديو كليبات
- سيارات للبيع
- ارقام سيارات
- ارقام هواتف
- هواتف للبيع
- حيوانات للبيع
- قوارب ويخوت للبيع
- ملابس واكسسوارات
- ساعات ومجوهرات
- اناشيد اسلامية
- نغمات اناشيد
- نغمات اسلامية
- ادعية اسلامية
- رقية شرعية
- قران كريم
- ديبيات اسلامية
- اذكار المسلم
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 126 127 128 129 130 131 132 133 134 135 136 137 138 139 140 141 142 143 144 145 146 147 148 149 150 151 152 153 154 155 156 157 158 159 160 161 162 163 164 165 166 167 168 169 170 171 172 173 174 175 176 177 178 179 180 181 182 183 184 185 186 187 188 189 190 191 192 193 194 195 196 197 198 199 200 201 202 203 204 205 206 207 208 209 210 211 212 213 214 215 216 217 218 219 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227