مميز : °¨¨™¤¦ أطلب بحثك، مشروعك أو تقريرك الإنجليزي ¦¤™¨¨° - الصفحة 11

ToX!c · #1 04-23-2008, 07:29 PM

المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة al3enawy

يسلمووو ع الموضوع

لو سمحتوا بغيت تقرير أو بحث عن الكبيوتر

computer

وعادي أي شي المهم عن هذا الموضوع

The computer system

One of the main parts of a computer is the CPU- Central Processing Unit. It controls the computer as a whole but also handles the input of data in to the computer (memory) as well as processing the pieces of data held in the memory. The CPU is normally a small chip which is found on the main circuit board along with the memory.

The Memory is also a key part in the computer system. All the data is stored inn the memory. This data is separated and made into in to many small units called bytes. One of these hold one object which can be anything. The memory in the computer is measured in the following ways: Bytes. Sizes of these bytes can then expand in to

Kilobytes- (KB) 1 KB =1,000 (1024) bytes
Megabytes (MB) 1MB =1,000,000 (1 million) bytes
Gigabytes (GB) 1 GB =1,000,000,000 (1 billion) bytes
Terabytes (TB) 1TB = 1,000,000,000,000 (I trillion) bytes

RAM: Random Access Memory is the standard memory which is used to store programmes and data which is running at the time of use. At the end of a session when the computer is switched off it loses the all the data.

ROM: Read Only Memory is the second type of memory but does not get deleted when the computer system is turned off. It holds all the important data that is required for the computer to run, so if this is deleted the computer will not work or turn on.

Input device include keyboards, mice, scanners bar code readers and other device. These are used to send data into the computer.

Output devices include are printers, webcams, monitors and others devices. Output devices are used to send information and data out of the computer.

Storage is also an essential part of the computer system. You can get removable storage which includes CD’s, DVD’s, Floppy’s, USB’s and a few more. These enable the user to save data on to these devices and transfer them to other systems with out having to email or link the computers.

The Binary code is a very complex system but is used by the computer system very easily. It uses two symbols to show the data and these symbols can be anything like dots and dashes. __DEFINE_LIKE_SHARE__

بنت الـــــــدار · 03-11-2008, 08:26 PM

مرحبا

تسلم الغلا ع المجهوود

وجان ما عليك امــر بغيت

عن الديكووراات يكووون اليوم جان ما عليك كلافــه

الــســمـــوووحهـ __DEFINE_LIKE_SHARE__

دانة الكويت · 03-11-2008, 08:33 PM

يعطيك الف عافيه ع الجهد

خففو عليه الطلبات شوي ! __DEFINE_LIKE_SHARE__

دلوعه بغرورها · 03-14-2008, 02:13 PM

ana aba report 3n el[sport] plzZzZz=( __DEFINE_LIKE_SHARE__

ToX!c · 04-23-2008, 07:24 PM

المشاركة الأصلية كتبت بواسطة دلوعه بغرورها

ana aba report 3n el[sport] plzZzZz=(

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sport

intoduction :

History

Roman bronze reduction of Myron's Discobolos, 2nd century AD.There are artefacts and structures that suggest that the Chinese engaged in sporting activities as early as 4000 BC.[1] Gymnastics appears to have been a popular sport in China's ancient past. Monuments to the Pharaohs indicate that a number of sports, including swimming and fishing, were well-developed and regulated several thousands of years ago in ancient Egypt.[2] Other Egyptian sports included javelin throwing, high jump, and wrestling. Ancient Persian sports such as the traditional Iranian martial art of Zourkhaneh had a close connection to the warfare skills.[3] Among other sports that originate in Persia are polo and jousting.

A wide range of sports were already established by the time of Ancient Greece and the military culture and the development of sports in Greece influenced one another considerably. Sports became such a prominent part of their culture that the Greeks created the Olympic Games, which in ancient times were held every four years in a small village in the Peloponnesus called Olympia.[4]

Industrialization has brought increased leisure time to the citizens of developed and developing countries, leading to more time for citizens to attend and follow spectator sports, greater participation in athletic activities, and increased accessibility. These trends continued with the advent of mass media and global communication. Professionalism became prevalent, further adding to the increase in sport's popularity, as sports fans began following the exploits of professional athletes through radio, television, and the internet--all while enjoying the exercise and competition associated with amateur participation in sports.

In the new millennium, new sports have been going further from the physical aspect to the mental or psychological aspect of competing. $$$$$ sports organizations are becoming more and more popular.

Activities where the outcome is determined by judgement over execution are considered performances, or competition.

Sportsmanship

Sportsmanship is an attitude that strives for fair play, courtesy toward team mates and opponents, ethical behaviour and integrity, and grace in losing.[5]

Sportsmanship expresses an aspiration or ethos that the activity will be enjoyed for its own sake. The well-known sentiment by sports journalist Grantland Rice, that it's “not that you won or lost but how you played the game," and the Modern Olympic creed expressed by its founder Pierre de Coubertin: "The most important thing . . . is not winning but taking part" are typical expressions of this sentiment.

But often the pressures of competition or an obsession with individual achievement—as well as the intrusion of technology—can all work against enjoyment and fair play by participants.

People responsible for leisure activities often seek recognition and respectability as sports by joining sports federations such as 5 IOC, or by forming their own regulatory body. In this way sports evolve from leisure activity to more formal sports: relatively recent newcomers are BMX cycling, snowboarding, and wrestling. Some of these activities have been popular but uncodified pursuits in various forms for different lengths of time. Indeed, the formal regulation of sport is a relatively modern and increasing development.

Sportsmanship, within any given game, is how each competitor acts before, during, and after the competition. Not only is it important to have good sportsmanship if one wins, but also if one loses. For example, in football it is considered sportsmanlike to kick the ball out of play to allow treatment for an injured player on the other side. Reciprocally, the other team is expected to return the ball from the throw-in.

Violence in sports involves crossing the line between fair competition and intentional aggressive violence. Athletes, coaches, fans, and parents sometimes unleash violent behaviour on people or property, in misguided shows of loyalty, dominance, anger, or celebration. Rioting or hooliganism are common and ongoing problems at national and international sporting contests, particularly football matches

Politics

When apartheid was the official policy in South Africa, many sports people, particularly in rugby union, adopted the conscientious approach that they should not appear in competitive sports there. Some feel this was an effective contribution to the eventual demolition of the policy of apartheid, others feel that it may have prolonged and reinforced its worst effects.[6]

The 1936 Summer Olympics held in Berlin was an illustration, perhaps best recognised in retrospect, where an ideology was developing which used the event to strengthen its spread through propaganda.

In modern sport motorization has appeared.In the history of Ireland, Gaelic sports were connected with cultural nationalism. Until the mid 20th century a person could have been banned from playing Gaelic football, hurling, or other sports administered by the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) if she/he played or supported Football (soccer), or other games seen to be of British origin. Until recently the GAA continued to ban the playing of soccer and rugby union at Gaelic venues. This ban is still enforced, but has been modified to allow football and rugby be played in Croke Park while Lansdowne Road is being redeveloped. Until recently, under Rule 21, the GAA also banned members of the British security forces and members of the RUC from playing Gaelic games, but the advent of the Good Friday Agreement in 1998 led to the eventual removal of the ban.

Nationalism is often evident in the pursuit of sports, or in its reporting: people compete in national teams, or commentators and audiences can adopt a partisan view. On occasion, such tensions can lead to violent confrontation among players or spectators within and beyond the sporting venue (see Football War). These trends are seen by many as contrary to the fundamental ethos of sports being carried on for its own sake and for the enjoyment of its participants.

Physical art

GymnasticsSports have many affinities with art. Ice skating and Tai chi, and Dancesport for example, are sports that come close to artistic spectacles in themselves. Similarly, there are other activities that have elements of sport and art in their execution, such as artistic gymnastics, Bodybuilding, Parkour, performance art, professional wrestling, Yoga, bossaball, dressage, culinary arts, marching band, drum corps, etc. Perhaps the best example is Bull-fighting, which in Spain is reported in the arts pages of newspapers. The fact that art is so close to sports in some situations is probably related to the nature of sports. The definition of "sports" above put forward the idea of an activity pursued not just for the usual purposes, for example, running not simply to get places, but running for its own sake, running as well as we can.

This is similar to a common view of aesthetic value, which is seen as something over and above the strictly functional value coming from an object's normal use. So an aesthetically pleasing car is one which doesn't just get from A to B, but which impresses us with its grace, poise, and charisma.

In the same way, a sporting performance such as jumping doesn't just impress us as being an effective way to avoid obstacles or to get across streams. It impresses us because of the ability, skill, and style which is shown.

Art and sports were probably more clearly linked at the time of Ancient Greece, when gymnastics and calisthenics invoked admiration and aesthetic appreciation for the physical build, prowess and 'arete' displayed by participants. The modern term 'art' as skill, is related to this ancient Greek term 'arete'. The closeness of art and sport in these times was revealed by the nature of the Olympic Games which, as we have seen, were celebrations of $$$$ sporting and artistic achievements, poetry, sculpture and architecture.

Technology

Golf, a kind of sport where moving has a much lesser part than dexterity.Technology has an important role in sports, whether applied to an athlete's health, the athlete's technique, or equipment's characteristics.

Equipment As sports have grown more competitive, the need for better equipment has arose. Golf clubs, football helmets, baseball bats, soccer balls, hockey skates, and other equipment have all seen considerable changes when new technologies have been applied.

Health Ranging from nutrition to the treatment of injuries, as the knowledge of the human body has deepened over time, an athlete's potential has been increased. Athletes are now able to play to an older age, recover more quickly from injuries, and train more effectively than previous generations of athletes.

Instruction Advancing technology created new opportunities for research into sports. It is now possible to analyse aspects of sports that were previously out of the reach of comprehension. Being able to use motion capture to capture an athlete's movement, or advanced computer simulations to model physical scenarios has greatly increased an athlete's ability to understand what they are doing and how they can improve themselves.

Terminology

.In British English, sporting activities are commonly denoted by the collective noun "sport". In American English, "sports" is more used. In all English dialects, "sports" is the term used for more than one specific sport. For example, "football and swimming are my favourite sports", would sound natural to all English speakers, whereas "I enjoy sport" would sound less natural than "I enjoy sports" to North Americans.

The term "sport" is sometimes extended to encompass all competitive activities, regardless of the level of physical activity. $$$$ games of skill and motor sport exhibit many of the characteristics of physical sports, such as skill, sportsmanship, and at the highest levels, even professional sponsorship associated with physical sports. Air sports, billiards, bridge, chess, motorcycle racing, and powerboating are all recognized as sports by the International Olympic Committee with their world governing bodies represented in the Association of the IOC Recognised International Sports Federations

Spectator sport

As well as being a form of recreation for the participants, much sport is played in front of an audience. Most professional sport is played in a 'theatre' of some kind; be it a stadium, arena, golf course, race track, or the open road, with provision for the (often paying) public.

Rugby league match in Townsville, Queensland, Australia.Large television or radio audiences are also commonly attracted, with rival broadcasters bidding large amounts of money for the 'rights' to show certain fixtures. Association football's FIFA World Cup attracts a global television audience of hundreds of millions; the 2006 Final alone attracted an estimated worldwide audience of well over 700 million. In the United States, the championship game of the NFL, the Super Bowl, has become one of the most watched television broadcasts of the year. Super Bowl Sunday is a de facto national holiday in America; the viewership being so great that in 2007 advertising space was reported as being sold at US$2.6m for a 30 second slot.

References

Sport - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

http://chineseculture.about.com/libr.../aa032301a.htm

http://www.kuwait-info.com/newsnew/N...06&ntype=World

http://www.olympic.org/uk/sports/rec...d/index_uk.asp __DEFINE_LIKE_SHARE__

أدوات الموضوع
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المواضيع المتشابهه
الموضوع	كاتب الموضوع	المنتدى	مشاركات	آخر مشاركة
لدينا ذهب سائل (زيت الزيتون) اطلب يصلك إلى بيتك وبسعر مميز..	محروم.كوم	منتدى أخبار المواقع والمنتديات العربية والأجنبية	0	07-17-2010 09:10 AM
(( ببغاء الأكلكتس الأحمر )) زين بيتك بطير مميز ..!!!	محروم.كوم	منتدى أخبار المواقع والمنتديات العربية والأجنبية	0	06-13-2010 04:50 PM
أطلب أي تصميم & أطلب أي هاك لمنتداكـ .. من دون مقابل مادي ..	محروم.كوم	منتدى أخبار المواقع والمنتديات العربية والأجنبية	0	12-07-2009 08:10 PM
تقريرك لا يمكن معالجتها	محروم.كوم	منتدى أخبار المواقع والمنتديات العربية والأجنبية	0	08-03-2009 04:20 PM
بحبك انا بحبك ... نغمة البوم باسكال مشعلاني الجديد 2009	محروم.كوم	منتدى أخبار المواقع والمنتديات العربية والأجنبية	0	07-08-2009 10:50 AM