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Carbine, Caliber .30, M1

M1 CarbineTypeCarbine/Assault rifle (M2 and M3) Semi-automatic rifle
Place of origin United StatesService historyIn serviceJuly 1942–1973 (U.S.)Used bySee UsersWarsWorld War II
Hukbalahap Rebellion
Malayan Emergency
Suez Crisis
Korean War
Cuban Revolution
First Indochina War
Vietnam War
Cambodian Civil War
Angolan Civil WarProduction historyDesignerFrederick L. Humeston
William C. Roemer
David Marshall WilliamsDesigned1938–1941ManufacturerMilitary contractors
Commercial copiesUnit cost$45 (WW2)ProducedSeptember 1941–August 1945; commercial 1945-presentNumber builtOver 6.5 millionVariantsM1A1, M1A3, M2, M2A2, M3SpecificationsWeight5.2 lb (2.4 kg) emptyLength35.6 in (900 mm)Barrel length18 in (460 mm)Cartridge.30 CarbineActionGas-operated, rotating boltRate of fireSemi-automatic (M1/A1)
850–900 rounds/min (M2/M3)Muzzle velocity1,990 ft/s (607 m/s)Feed system15 or 30-round detachable box magazineSightsAperture L-type flip or adjustable rear sights, barleycorn-type front sightThe M1 carbine (formally the United States Carbine, Caliber .30, M1) is a lightweight, easy to use semi-automatic carbine that became a standard firearm for the U.S. military during World War II, the Korean War and the Vietnam War, and was produced in several variants. It was widely used by U.S. and foreign military, paramilitary and police forces, and has also been a popular civilian firearm.
In selective fire versions capable of fully automatic fire, the carbine is designated the M2 carbine. The M3 carbine was an M2 with an active infrared scope system. Unlike conventional carbines, which are generally a version of a parent rifle with a shorter barrel (like the earlier .30-40 U.S. Krag rifle and carbine and the later M16 rifle and M4 carbine), the M1 carbine has only one minor part in common with the M1 rifle (a short buttplate screw) and fires a different cartridge.
Contents

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• 1 Development history
  • 1.1 Limitations of weapons in the U.S. arsenal
  • 1.2 Designing the M1 carbine
  • 1.3 From prototype to completion
• 2 Combat use
  • 2.1 World War II
    • 2.1.1 Select-fire and infrared sight versions
  • 2.2 Korean War
  • 2.3 Vietnam
• 3 Design and operation
  • 3.1 Accessories
• 4 Production
• 5 Foreign usage
• 6 Users
• 7 Variants
  • 7.1 Carbine, Cal .30, M1A1
  • 7.2 Carbine, Cal .30, M1A2
  • 7.3 Carbine, Cal .30, M1A3
  • 7.4 Carbine, Cal .30, M2
  • 7.5 Carbine, Cal. 30, M2A2
  • 7.6 Carbine, Cal .30, M3
• 8 Derivatives
  • 8.1 Ingram SAM
• 9 Military contractors
• 10 Commercial copies
• 11 Hunting and civilian use
• 12 Related equipment and accessories
  • 12.1 Ammunition types
• 13 See also
• 14 Notes
• 15 Sources

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