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T325: Technologies for digital media


Question 1
« Supercapacitors » are challenging the dominance of lithium batteries as energy storage elements to power modern electronic gadgets (mobile phones, tablets, etc.)
Using the AOU e-library or any other Internet reliable resource, you are asked to prepare a short report about supercapacitors for portable devices.
You report should include the following information:
• Introduction about supercapacitors (how they work) (5 marks)
• Advantages of supercapacitors compared to Lithium batteries (10 marks)
• Difficulties to use of supercapacitors in portable devices (10 marks)
Question 2
Convolutional encoding is used in different communication technologies to detect and correct transmission errors. In a convolutional code, each m-bit information symbol to be encoded is transformed into an n-bit, where m/n is the code rate (n ≥ m) and the transformation is a function of the last k information bits, where k is the constraint length of the code. [1].



The figure above represents the internal structure of a convolutional encoder. This encoder has one input bit (I), three shift registers (R1, R2 and R3), three XOR gates (+ sign) and three outputs (O1, O2 and O3). The three registers are initialized to zero. Note that (A XOR B XOR C) = (A XOR B) XOR C.
a) Based on the definitions mentioned above, what are the code rate and the constraint length of this convolutional encoder? Justify your answer (4 marks)
b) Consider the following symbol: 10110 to be encoded using this convolutional encoder. What is the encoded symbol? The sequence of input bits starts with the most significant bit of the symbol (1) and ends with the least significant bit (0). You SHOULD detail your answer by drawing the detailed state of the encoder (the value of the three registers, inputs of XOR gates) for each input bit and the corresponding output bits. Providing the final answer only is not acceptable (15 marks)
c) Express each of the three output bits (O1, O2 and O3) as a function of the input bit (I) and the value of three registers ((R1, R2 and R3) (6 marks)
d) The trellis diagram is a way to represent the operation of the convolutional encoder. It has a number of levels that correspond to the different possible states of the encoder and the transition between the different states based on the input bit. The transition between two levels (states) is represented by an arrow going from one level to another level. The arrow is labeled with the input bit and the corresponding output bits (between parenthesis). Based on this definition, answer the following questions:
i. How many levels the trellis diagram of the convolutional encoder (illustrated in the figure above) has? (2 marks)
ii. Draw the trellis diagram of the convolutional encoder. You can use the result of part c) to simplify the elaboration of this diagram. (13 marks)
Question 3
HDMI (High-Definition Multimedia Interface) is “the industry-leading technology and de-facto standard connecting high-definition (HD) equipment, from HDTVs and personal computers to cameras, camcorders, tablets, Blu-ray players, gaming consoles, smart phones, and just about any other device capable of sending or receiving an HD signal” [2].
The specifications of the HDMI evolved from version 1.0 (December 2002) to 2.0 (ongoing work – will be released in the first half 2013). In this question, you are asked to describe this evolution by indicating the difference improvements (maximum throughputs, color depth, etc.) between the different specifications.


Question 4
Many people consider Copyright laws (with the associated complexity and bureaucracy) as a limitation to creativity. This led to the emergence of a number of concepts that try to solve the copyright-laws issues while not discarding the concept of copyright. One of them is the “Share Alike” introduced by the Creative Common (CC) movement [3] (you have been introduced to the CC in Block 2 of T325).
Using AOU E-Library and/or any other Internet reliable resources, present
• The objectives of this movement (5 marks)
• The different license elements defined by the CC (6 marks)
• The possible licenses available. (9 marks)
Support your explanation by providing examples of Copyrighted material protected under each type of license.

ِِT325 حل واجب T325 اتصل 0540893645 - 00966540893645 - [email protected]
ِِT325 حل واجب T325 اتصل 0540893645 - 00966540893645 - [email protected]
ِِT325 حل واجب T325 اتصل 0540893645 - 00966540893645 - [email protected]
ِِT325 حل واجب T325 اتصل 0540893645 - 00966540893645 - [email protected]
ِِT325 حل واجب T325 اتصل 0540893645 - 00966540893645 - [email protected]
ِِT325 حل واجب T325 اتصل 0540893645 - 00966540893645 - [email protected]
ِِT325 حل واجب T325 اتصل 0540893645 - 00966540893645 - [email protected]