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مميز : °¨¨™¤¦ أطلب بحثك، مشروعك أو تقريرك الإنجليزي ¦¤™¨¨° السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته http://www.m5zn.com/uploads/cdaa6bb508.gif ^-| Order ------ It ------Here|-^ °¨¨™ فــقط في منــتدانا ™¨¨° ,، ,، ,، أخصص لكم هذا الموضوع لتقديم طلبات البحوث والتقارير والمشاريع , وإن شاء الله راح أبحث لكم عن كل ما هو يفيدكم لدراستكم ، ,، ,، ,، مــلاحظات : ,، هذا الموضوع ليس للغش و النقل الاعمى دون فائدة,، ,، سيتم وضع المصادر وبعض المعلومات المساعده حتى نفتح المجال للطلاب بالاعتماد على انفسهم ,، ,، اي مداخلات اخرى سيتم حذفها ,، بالتوفيق للجميع |
اللحين ما عدنا شي نطلبه من تبدا الدوامات بنبدا الطلبات لوول ما فيك حيله والله ع طرح هالموضوع و اتمنى الكل يستفيد السموحه |
http://www.1ss1.com/2007/12/1ss1_1joIWTU9Ng.gif if i need anything i'd be sure to ask u sweety t8bloo mrooree a7la banootah http://www.1ss1.com/2007/12/1ss1_1joIWTU9Ng.gif |
thnxx bro ^^ |
[align=center]مسا الجوري لكم جميعا إذا ممكن أبي تقرير ( مدينـه أبوظبي فقط) تاريخ المنطقه /موقعها/ المناخ/ عدد السكان / الاماكن السياحيـه للاماره / ......ومعلومات اخرى اتمنى منكم المساعده ويزاكم الله كل الخير [/align] |
اقتباس:
Abu Dhabi is the capital and second largest city of the United Arab Emirates. It is also the capital and largest city of the emirate of Abu Dhabi, which is the largest of the seven emirates of the United Arab Emirates by size. It was said by CNN to be the richest city in the world[1] and is located in the center of the northern part of the United Arab Emirates. The city lies on a T-shaped island jutting into the Persian Gulf from the central western coast. An estimated 1.8 million people lived there in 2006, with about an 80% expatriate population. Abu Dhabi city is located at 24°28′00″N 54°22′00″E / 24.4667, 54.3667. At the head of Abu Dhabi and across from the Corniche is Lulu Island, a semi-natural landmass that is arguably the most strategic and valuable piece of property in the Emirate [2]. Culture and the arts Abu Dhabi is trying to position itself as the "Cultural hub" of the Middle East, taking this mantle from such neighboring cities as Beirut and Cairo. It is home to a number of cultural institutions including the Cultural Foundation and the National Theater. The Cultural Foundation is home to the UAE Public Library and Cultural Center. Various cultural societies such as the Abu Dhabi Classical Music Society have a strong and visible following in the city. The creation of a major "up-scale cultural district" on Abu Dhabi's Saadiyat Island has begun with the groundwork for a US$200 million Guggenheim Museum. The Frank Gehry-designed museum will display a "prestige collection" of modernist and contemporary art and is scheduled for completion in 2011. Upon completion, it is expected to be the largest exponent of the prestigious Guggenheim Museums.[9] Language and literature The majority of the inhabitants of Abu Dhabi are expatriate workers from India, Pakistan, Egypt, Bangladesh, Philippines, Britain, various countries from across the Arab world and elsewhere. Consequently, English, Tagalog, Tigrinya, Amharic, Bengali, and Urdu are widely spoken. Apart from Hindi, the many Indian expatriates also contribute other South Asian languages to the cultural milieu, including Malayalam, widely spoken in Kerala. The native-born population are Arabic-speaking Gulf Arabs who are part of a clan-based society. The al-Nahyan family, part of the al-Falah branch of the Bani Yas clan, rules the emirate and has a central place in society. Location Satellite image of Abu Dhabi (March 2003)The emirate of Abu Dhabi is located in the oil-rich and strategic United Arab Emirates and is an active member of the Gulf Co-operation Council (GCC). It borders with the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (south) and the Sultanate of Oman (east). The emirate borders the emirate of Dubai to its northeast. In the north is the Persian Gulf. Abu Dhabi city is on an island located less than a quarter-kilometer from the mainland and is joined to the mainland by the Maqta and Musaffah Bridges. A third bridge, designed by Zaha Hadid, is currently under construction. Bridges connecting to Reem Island and Saadiyat Island are also under construction. Most of Abu Dhabi is located on the island itself, but it has many suburbs on the mainland for example: The Khalifa Cities, Between Two Bridges, Mussafah Residential and more. للتذكير : ,، هذا الموضوع ليس للغش و النقل الاعمى دون فائدة,، ,، سيتم وضع المصادر وبعض المعلومات المساعده حتى نفتح المجال للطلاب بالاعتماد على انفسهم ,، REF Abu Dhabi Government Portal - Citizen - Home http://www.flights2abudhabi.com/ Abu Dhabi hotels - Discount bookings for hotels in Abu Dhabi - United Arab Emirates |
[align=center]يعطيك العافيه اخوي ع الموضوع .. ان شاء الله الاعضاء يستفيدون ^^ سلااامي عليك ~ انا ما عندي شي .. الحمدالله خلصت المدرسه =) تسلم بن عمي ~[/align] |
السلام عليكم اخوي ليث لو سمحت ابغي تقرير عن The carbon and oxygen cycle ويعطيك العافيه اختكـ اماراتيه بعز |
اقتباس:
Carbon is a very important element, as it makes up organic matter, which is a part of all life. Carbon follows a certain route on earth, called the carbon cycle. Through following the carbon cycle we can also study energy flows on earth, because most of the chemical energy needed for life is stored in organic compounds as bonds between carbon atoms and other atoms. The carbon cycle naturally consists of two parts, the terrestrial and the aquatic carbon cycle. The aquatic carbon cycle is concerned with the movements of carbon through marine ecosystems and the terrestrial carbon cycle is concerned with the movement of carbon through terrestrial ecosystems. The carbon cycle is based on carbon dioxide (CO2), which can be found in air in the gaseous form, and in water in dissolved form. Terrestrial plants use atmospheric carbon dioxide from the atmosphere, to generate oxygen that sustains animal life. Aquatic plants also generate oxygen, but they use carbon dioxide from water. The process of oxygen generation is called photosynthesis. During photosynthesis, plants and other producers transfer carbon dioxide and water into complex carbohydrates, such as glucose, under the influence of sunlight. Only plants and some bacteria have the ability to conduct this process, because they possess chlorophyll; a pigment molecule in leaves that they can capture solar energy with. The overall reaction of photosynthesis is: carbon dioxide + water + solar energy -> glucose + oxygen 6 CO2 + 6 H2O + solar energy -> C6H12O6 + 6 O2 The oxygen that is produced during photosynthesis will sustain non-producing life forms, such as animals, and most micro organisms. Animals are called consumers, because they use the oxygen that is produced by plants. Carbon dioxide is released back into the atmosphere during respiration of consumers, which breaks down glucose and other complex organic compounds and converts the carbon back to carbon dioxide for reuse by producers. Carbon that is used by producers, consumers and decomposers cycles fairly rapidly through air, water and biota. But carbon can also be stored as biomass in the roots of trees and other organic matter for many decades. This carbon is released back into the atmosphere by decomposition, as was noted before. Not all organic matter is immediately decomposed. Under certain conditions dead plant matter accumulates faster than it is decomposed within an ecosystem. The remains are locked away in underground deposits. When layers of sediment compress this matter fossil fuels will be formed, after many centuries. Long-term geological processes may expose the carbon in these fuels to air after a long period of time, but usually the carbon within the fossil fuels is released during humane combustion processes. The combustion of fossil fuels has supplied us with energy for as long as we can remember. But the human population of the world has been expanding and so has our demand for energy. That is why fossil fuels are burned very extensively. This is not without consequences, because we are burning fossil fuels much faster than they develop. Because of our actions fossil fuels have become non-renewable recourses. Although the combustion of fossil fuels mainly adds carbon dioxide to air, some of it is also released during natural processes, such as volcanic eruptions. In the aquatic ecosystem carbon dioxide can be stored in rocks and sediments. It will take a long time before this carbon dioxide will be released, through weathering of rocks or geologic processes that bring sediment to the surface of water. Carbon dioxide that is stored in water will be present as either carbonate or bicarbonate ions. These ions are an important part of natural buffers that prevent the water from becoming too acidic or too basic. When the sun warms up the water carbonate and bicarbonate ions will be returned to the atmosphere as carbon dioxide. Carbon dioxide (greenhouse gas) As many people know carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas, which basically means that too much carbon dioxide in air causes the earth to warm up. Humans emit great amounts of carbon dioxide during combustion processes and because of this, the greenhouse effect consisted. The greenhouse effect means that the climate is affected by the concentrations of greenhouse gasses on earth. In the past few decades a warmer climate has developed, because of the large amounts of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases that we emit. This warmer climate can cause problems, such as the melting of large ice formations at the Arctic's. للتذكير : ,، هذا الموضوع ليس للغش و النقل الاعمى دون فائدة,، ,، سيتم وضع المصادر وبعض المعلومات المساعده حتى نفتح المجال للطلاب بالاعتماد على انفسهم ,، REF: The Carbon Cycle Carbon-Oxygen Cycle » SlideShare 9(r) The Carbon Cycle |
يزاك اللـه خير ماقصرت بس صدقني كنت أبي الأفكار.. لا النقل تسلم |
يسلموووووووووووووووووووووووووووو هالكثــــــــــــــــــــــ واكثر ــــر |
تسلم أخوي ويعطيك الف عافيه |
اقتباس:
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تسلموووون ع الموضوووووووع طلبتكم بغيت موضووع عن Jobs in the past |
اقتباس:
ياريت توضحين أكثر أو تعطيني فكره عنه :) وفالج طيب |
اخويه بغيت معلومات عن البيوت قديما وحديثا ف الامارات والسموحه |
اقتباس:
In fact the architecture of UAE is changing over the years to meet the growing needs of the people and yet we see the restoration and renovation of traditional architecture in UAE. As 88% of the population are urban in all the seven emirates one finds forts and watchtowers built to protect the urban populations. The oldest fort of UAE is the Husn of Abu Dhabi originally built in the eighteenth century to protect the city's well. The Nahyan family around the Buraimi oasis between 1830 and 1010 built six forts in the emirate of Al -Cain. Most of the forts that reflects the beauty of traditional UAE architecture have now been restored and converted into museums and reflects wide variety of Islamic style and cosmopolitan nature of the country. In Dubai Al Fahidi fort is one of the oldest buildings and reflects the architectural marvel of the country. It was built in 1799. This fort was the home of the ruler, whereas hiding place for common people in case of war and attack. Nowadays, it is transformed into Dubai Museum. Al Fahidi fort is today recognized as one of the magnificent architectures of UAE. Traditional Architecture in UAE is mainly in the form of vernacular style. The major causes for such kind of architecture were climate, religion and custom. Availability of building materials was another cause for such kind of UAE Architecture. Sheikh Saeed Al Maktom House bolt in 1896 is another architectural marvel of UAE that has been renovated in recent times. It attracts millions of people across the globe. Dubai now has some truly spectacular buildings, such as the Bur Juman shopping center, office buildings like Emirates Towers and hotels such as Burj Al Arab and Jumeirah Beach, all of which combine state of the art architectural design and technique with a traditional Arabic flavor. The houses in UAE are well ventilated and also takes care of the privacy of the people. The most sophisticated houses in the UAE are found in the coastal towns. A typical house of a wealthy coastal family is generally a two-storey structure built around a central courtyard. From the outside the houses look quite plain, although sometimes the upper parts of the walls are decorated with crenellations and the wind-towers are decorated with elaborate arches. The rooms of the house generally open on to the courtyard and decorated with carved stucco panels or grilles, sometimes containing stained glass. The UAE has a wide range of museums and heritage villages which provide a fascinating introduction to its traditional lifestyle, offering a host of authentic experiences, such as an evening sitting around a campfire drinking gahwah (Arabic coffee) while a camp guide describes bedouin crafts and customs. Other experiences capture the ancient techniques and traditional culture associated with village life, boating and pearl diving through reconstructions of dhows, old souqs (marketplaces), winter settlements and date gardens. Several of the emirates’ magnificent old forts house museums full of items of archaeo-logical, natural history and ethnographic interest. Here too, one can find vivid reconstructions of town and country life. Other purpose-built museums use the latest interactive media to tell the story of the country’s ancient past or illustrate the wonders of nature. Audio-visual displays, computer games and scaled models of ancient settlements have all been utilized to interpret the past and the present. In Dubai and Sharjah, whole streets have been restored to their former glory. Particularly interesting in terms of vernacular architecture are windrowers which are designed to catch even the slightest bre eze and funnel the cooler air down to the court y a rd houses, providing the visitor with first-hand experience of this early form of air-conditioning. Narrow streets wind between white-washed walls, with copper-studded wooden doors giving access to shaded courtyards and traditionally-furnished houses. للتذكير : ,، هذا الموضوع ليس للغش و النقل الاعمى دون فائدة,، ,، سيتم وضع المصادر وبعض المعلومات المساعده حتى نفتح المجال للطلاب بالاعتماد على انفسهم ,، REF Enterprise IG mixes the old with the new for Abu Dhabi Culture and Heritage Khaleej Times Online - Past Forward DCB - Things to See and Do |
هلا والله لو سمحتوا أبغى تقرير للصف العاشر وهو ماذا فعلنا إجازة نص السنة مع المقدمة والخاتمة وأتمنى الرد السريع وآخر مدة لتسليم التقرير 2/2 /2008 م . |
اقتباس:
Seeing how magnificent Dubai’s airport is, I wanted to see what the country would be like. From my experience of travelling, one of the best airports I’ve ever been to is Dubai Airport. With its large comforting lounges and delicious cafes and the best shops you could find. These facilities were only some of the things I saw during my 1-2 hour stay for transmits. As soon as I exited the airport I was amazed from how the city was very clean. I was in a yellow taxi, sitting all quiet and excited going to my hotel “Mina Al Salaam”. Quarter way I asked the driver to go on a sightseeing tour as I was already seeing half of the city. Going around Dubai seeing different sizes of buildings and different shapes, I was amazed by seeing so many malls around. The one that caught my eye was Mall Of The Emirates. “The biggest mall in Dubai and Asia.” said the taxi driver. Coming back from the other end of Dubai heading towards my hotel I saw the beach. There were a lot of people just relaxing and tanning, but it was just wonderful gazing at the sandy golden sand and the crystal like sea water with the sun setting. I asked if I could go down for one minute just to take a picture of the view. The driver was so friendly and didn’t mind at all. I got my picture taken with Burj Al Arab behind me. This building is the best hotel in the world as well as the biggest hotel in water. I read it in the Guinness World Records. When I arrived at the ho tel I was just exhausted! The hotel I stayed in was just WOW! It had beautiful marble floors and very artistic paintings and a wonderful lobby with excellent service. As soon as I got to my sea view bedroom I unpacked my bag and went straight away to the Spa, to relax. The next couple of days I just stayed on the beach relaxing and swimming in the pools of the hotel. After my couple of days relaxing I went on a 2 day safari in the desert with a tour called “Arabian tours”. We went dune bashing and sand boarding and for the first time in my life I rode on a camel. During Sunset they took me and my group to the place where we were going to camp and there was a wonderful dinner buffet with a belly dancer and an Oud player for entertainment. After the amazing two night stay in the dessert returning to the hotel it was time for me to say good bye to Dubai as it was time for me to go back to the U.K., I enjoyed my stay in Dubai and I wish I could come and visit again next holiday. As Arabic emirates would say “Maa Salamah”, which means good bye. للتذكير : ,، هذا الموضوع ليس للغش و النقل الاعمى دون فائدة,، ,، سيتم وضع المصادر وبعض المعلومات المساعده حتى نفتح المجال للطلاب بالاعتماد على انفسهم ,، |
مشكوووووووووووووووووووور وما تقصر ويزاك الله الف خير |
السلام عليكم اخوي ليث المشاهد اول شي اشكرك على هذا المجهود الرائع اللي تقوم به انا بعد ابغي تقرير ثاني ما اعرف اكتب بالانجليزي بس هو عن اخطار التلوث في دولة الامارات ويا البوربوينيت ممكن؟؟؟؟؟؟ ملاحظه: اخوي ابغيه اليوم لأنه المس قالت باجر اخر يوم بلييييييييييييييييييييييز بلييييييييييييز بليييييز |
اقتباس:
إطمني إختيه بحضرلج اليوم إن شاء الله .. خلي عينج عالموضوع :) ليث < Lyth.. |
مشكور أخوي ليث على الموضوع الغاوي اللي يمهد للطلبة كيف يفتتحوه التقرير ولا تسود الدنيا في ويوهم شرات أخواني هههههه والله يجعله في ميزان حسناتك إن شاء الله |
1 مرفق |
اقتباس:
Word Doc - report,,,<<|.... Presentation - ,,,<<|.... .,.،؛ ليثـ,<< Lyth.,.،؛، |
مشكوووووووووووووووووووووور اخوي وما تقصر |
Sun safety Before you sprawl in the sun, check out the truth about tanning. What's in the sun? The sun gives off powerful radiation waves, including different kinds of ultraviolet rays. Here are the two that should concern you: UVA rays penetrate deep into the skin layer, causing premature ageing and increasing the risk of skin cancer. UVB rays burn the surface of the skin, causing it to tan and burn. What's in a tan? A substance called melanin gives the skin colour and provides some natural protection against the sun's UV rays. In sunshine, melanin builds up and the skin becomes darker. Be warned, however, melanin takes time to build up a protective layer on the surface of the skin. Stripping off the moment the sun appears means the skin is unprepared, and quickly burns. It's true that people with naturally dark skin have high levels of the melanin pigment, but no one is completely immune from burning. What's in a sunburn? A sunburn is basically an inflammation of the skin cells, as a result of exposure to the sun (also sun lamps). The skin becomes red, painful and sometimes blistered. Experts reckon that one severe burning session before the age of 15 can double the risk of skin cancer. So how how do I protect myself? In short, by having some respect for the sun. Always use a cream, block or lotion with a Sun Protection Factor (or SPF). This is basically a filter system designed to block out harmful UV rays and stop you from burning too quickly. Recent research carried out by Restoration of Appearance and Function Trust (RAFT) warns that rubbing sun cream deeply into the skin dramatically cuts the protection against dangerous rays. They also warn it can actually increase the risk of damage because the cream still stops the skin from burning, encouraging sunbathers to stay in the sun for longer. For best protection they recommend using a broad spectrum sunscreen with maximum UVA protection, and limiting your time in the sun to short periods. What's the right SPF for me? A high one. Experts actually recommend using nothing less than SPF15. Rub it on before going out in the sun and repeat the process throughout the day. If you're planning on going for a dip be sure that you're using a water resistant sun cream because sunlight actually increases in strength as it passes through water. Protecting yourself from the sun doesnt have to be a sweat. Like safer sex, if you take the right precautions then you won't risk any regrets. |
Great Man Made River Muammer Gaddafi was certainly a visionary who took on a variety of projects in his career. One of the more contentious has been the Great Man Made River that has piped water over thousands of miles from great underground deposits in the southern deserts to the various towns of Libya and in particular along the coastal belt where 90% of the population resides. Rapid development of coastal areas and increased population have placed a severe strain on the coastal water supply. On completion of the project fresh water will be readily avaliable in most Libyan towns with plenty more available for irrigation. The project had been put forward much earlier than the Gaddafi period but had been rejected as it might affect the watertable. Some now attribute the drying up of the Ubari Lakes and various waterholes to the side effects of the project. Started in 1980 the Great Man-Made River project is the largest engineering scheme currently being carried out in the world. The 4-meter diameter pipe is about 1600 km long transfers about 6.5 million cubic meters of per day. Since 1990, UNESCO has been contributing to the training of engineers and technicians and the setting up of a training center. |
بغيت تقرير عن tran sport مب كل شي بس bus و car .. بغيته شوي طويل بحيث يكفي ل 3 صفحات وابغيه ف اسرع وقت لو ممكن .. |
اقتباس:
In the beginning of creature, human being had tried to use several means to transport things, voice, water, and him also. These were the first basic points of transport technology. Aspects of transport The field of transport has several aspects: loosely they can be divided into a triad of infrastructure, vehicles, and operations. Infrastructure includes the transport networks (roads, railways, airways, waterways, canals, pipelines, etc.) that are used, as well as the nodes or terminals (such as airports, railway stations, bus stations and seaports). The vehicles generally ride on the networks, such as automobiles, bicycles, buses, trains, and aircraft. The operations deal with the way the vehicles are operated on the network and the procedures set for this purpose including the legal environment (Laws, Codes, Regulations, etc.) Policies, such as how to finance the system (for example, the use of tolls or gasoline taxes) may be considered part of the operations. Broadly speaking, the design of networks are the domain of civil engineering and urban planning, the design of vehicles of mechanical engineering and specialized subfields such as nautical engineering and aerospace engineering, and the operations are usually specialized, though might appropriately belong to operations research or systems engineering. Transport and communications Transport and communication are $$$$ substitutes and complements. Though it might be possible that sufficiently advanced communication could substitute for transport, one could telegraph, telephone, fax, or email a customer rather than visiting them in person; it has been found that those modes of communication in fact generate more total interactions, including interpersonal interactions. The growth in transport would be impossible without communication, which is vital for advanced transportation systems, from railroads which want to run trains in two directions on a single track, to air traffic control which requires knowing the location of aircraft in the sky. Thus, it has been found that the increase of one generally leads to more of the other. Transport in general is considered as the main nerve of the life upon the globe, because it makes the universe is very small be reducing the distance and saving time. So any development without transport aspect cannot be achieved للتذكير : ,، هذا الموضوع ليس للغش و النقل الاعمى دون فائدة,، ,، سيتم وضع المصادر وبعض المعلومات المساعده حتى نفتح المجال للطلاب بالاعتماد على انفسهم ,، |
لو سمحتوا بغيت تقرير عن desert أو عن management style أو عن management time أو عن nature سامحوني بتعبكم ويايه |
اقتباس:
There are relatively few large mammals in deserts because most are not capable of storing sufficient water and withstanding the heat. Deserts often provide little $$$$ter from the sun for large animals. The dominant animals of warm deserts are nonmammalian vertebrates, such as reptiles. Mammals are usually small, like the kangaroo mice of North American deserts. Desert biomes can be classified according to several characteristics. There are four major types of deserts: • Hot and dry • Semiarid • Coastal • Cold Hot and dry desert The four major North American deserts of this type are the Chihuahuan, Sonoran, Mojave and Great Basin. Others outside the U.S. include the Southern Asian realm, Neotropical (South and Central America), Ethiopian (Africa) and Australian. The seasons are generally warm throughout the year and very hot in the summer. The winters usually bring little rainfall. From left: Baja, Mexico desert; desert in Uluru National Park, Australia; desert near the Kofa Mountains, Arizona. Temperatures exhibit daily extremes because the atmosphere contains little humidity to block the Sun's rays. Desert surfaces receive a little more than twice the solar radiation received by humid regions and lose almost twice as much heat at night. Many mean annual temperatures range from 20-25° C. The extreme maximum ranges from 43.5-49° C. Minimum temperatures sometimes drop to -18° C. Rainfall is usually very low and/or concentrated in short bursts between long rainless periods. Evaporation rates regularly exceed rainfall rates. Sometimes rain starts falling and evaporates before reaching the ground. Rainfall is lowest on the Atacama Desert of Chile, where it averages less than 1.5 cm. Some years are even rainless. Inland Sahara also receives less than 1.5 cm a year. Rainfall in American deserts is higher — almost 28 cm a year. Soils are course-$$$$ured, shallow, rocky or gravely with good drainage and have no subsurface water. They are coarse because there is less chemical weathering. The finer dust and sand particles are blown elsewhere, leaving heavier pieces behind. Canopy in most deserts is very rare. Plants are mainly ground-hugging shrubs and short woody trees. Leaves are "replete" (fully supported with nutrients) with water-conserving characteristics. They tend to be small, thick and covered with a thick cuticle (outer layer). In the cacti, the leaves are much-reduced (to spines) and photosynthetic activity is restricted to the stems. Some plants open their stomata (microscopic openings in the epidermis of leaves that allow for gas exchange) only at night when evaporation rates are lowest. These plants include: yuccas, ocotillo, turpentine bush, prickly pears, false mesquite, sotol, ephedras, agaves and brittlebush. The animals include small nocturnal (active at night) carnivores. The dominant animals are burrowers and kangaroo rats. There are also insects, arachnids, reptiles and birds. The animals stay inactive in protected hideaways during the hot day and come out to forage at dusk, dawn or at night, when the desert is cooler. Semiarid desert The major deserts of this type include the sagebrush of Utah, Montana and Great Basin. They also include the Nearctic realm (North America, Newfoundland, Greenland, Russia, Europe and northern Asia). The summers are moderately long and dry, and like hot deserts, the winters normally bring low concentrations of rainfall. Summer temperatures usually average between 21-27° C. It normally does not go above 38° C and evening temperatures are cool, at around 10° C. Cool nights help $$$$ plants and animals by reducing moisture loss from transpiration, sweating and breathing. Furthermore, condensation of dew caused by night cooling may equal or exceed the rainfall received by some deserts. As in the hot desert, rainfall is often very low and/or concentrated. The average rainfall ranges from 2-4 cm annually. From left: Red Rock Canyon National Conservation Area, southern Nevada; sagebrush near Bridger, Montana; Castle Valley, Utah, east of Arches National Park. The soil can range from sandy and fine-$$$$ured to loose rock fragments, gravel or sand. It has a fairly low salt concentration, compared to deserts which receive a lot of rain (acquiring higher salt concentrations as a result). In areas such as mountain slopes, the soil is shallow, rocky or gravely with good drainage. In the upper bajada (lower slopes) they are coarse-$$$$ured, rocky, well-drained and partly "laid by rock bench." In the lower bajada (bottom land) the soil is sandy and fine-$$$$ured, often with "caliche hardpan." In each case there is no subsurface water. The spiny nature of many plants in semiarid deserts provides protection in a hazardous environment. The large numbers of spines shade the surface enough to significantly reduce transpiration. The same may be true of the hairs on the woolly desert plants. Many plants have silvery or glossy leaves, allowing them to reflect more radiant energy. These plants often have an unfavorable odor or taste. Semiarid plants include: Creosote bush, bur sage (Franseria dumosa or F. deltoidea), white thorn, cat claw, mesquite, brittle bushes (Encelia farinosa), lyciums, and jujube. During the day, insects move around twigs to stay on the shady side; jack rabbits follow the moving shadow of a cactus or shrub. Naturally, many animals find protection in underground burrows where they are insulated from $$$$ heat and aridity. These animals include mammals such as the kangaroo rats, rabbits, and skunks; insects like grasshoppers and ants; reptiles are represented by lizards and snakes; and birds such as burrowing owls and the California thrasher. Coastal desert These deserts occur in moderately cool to warm areas such as the Nearctic and Neotropical realm. A good example is the Atacama of Chile. The cool winters of coastal deserts are followed by moderately long, warm summers. The average summer temperature ranges from 13-24° C; winter temperatures are 5° C or below. The maximum annual temperature is about 35° C and the minimum is about -4° C. In Chile, the temperature ranges from -2 to 5° C in July and 21-25° C in January. The average rainfall measures 8-13 cm in many areas. The maximum annual precipitation over a long period of years has been 37 cm with a minimum of 5 cm. The soil is fine-$$$$ured with a moderate salt $$$$$$$. It is fairly porous with good drainage. Some plants have extensive root systems close to the surface where they can take advantage of any rain showers. All of the plants with thick and fleshy leaves or stems can take in large quantities of water when it is available and store it for future use. In some plants, the surfaces are corrugated with longitudinal ridges and grooves. When water is available, the stem swells so that the grooves are shallow and the ridges far apart. As the water is used, the stem shrinks so that the grooves are deep and ridges close together. The plants living in this type of desert include the salt bush, buckwheat bush, black bush, rice grass, little leaf horsebrush, black sage, and chrysothamnus. Some animals have specialized adaptations for dealing with the desert heat and lack of water. Some toads seal themselves in burrows with gelatinous secretions and remain inactive for eight or nine months until a heavy rain occurs. Amphibians that pass through larval stages have accelerated life cycles, which improves their chances of reaching maturity before the waters evaporate. Some insects lay eggs that remain dormant until the environmental conditions are suitable for hatching. The fairy shrimps also lay dormant eggs. Other animals include: insects, mammals (coyote and badger), amphibians (toads), birds (great horned owl, golden eagle and the bald eagle), and reptiles (lizards and snakes). Cold desert Lichen growing on Torgerson Island, Antarctica; kangaroo rat. These deserts are characterized by cold winters with snowfall and high overall rainfall throughout the winter and occasionally over the summer. They occur in the Antarctic, Greenland and the Nearctic realm. They have short, moist, and moderately warm summers with fairly long, cold winters. The mean winter temperature is between -2 to 4° C and the mean summer temperature is between 21-26° C. The winters receive quite a bit of snow. The mean annual precipitation ranges from 15-26 cm. Annual precipitation has reached a maximum of 46 cm and a minimum of 9 cm. The heaviest rainfall of the spring is usually in April or May. In some areas, rainfall can be heavy in autumn. The soil is heavy, silty, and salty. It contains alluvial fans where soil is relatively porous and drainage is good so that most of the salt has been leached out. The plants are widely scattered. In areas of shadscale, about 10 percent of the ground is covered, but in some areas of sagebush it approaches 85 percent. Plant heights vary between 15 cm and 122 cm. The main plants are deciduous, most having spiny leaves. Widely distributed animals are jack rabbits, kangaroo rats, kangaroo mice, pocket mice, grasshopper mice, and antelope ground squirrels. In areas like Utah, population density of these animals can range from 14-41 individuals per hectare. All except the jack rabbits are burrowers. The burrowing habit also applies to carnivores like the badger, kit fox, and coyote. Several lizards do some burrowing and moving of soil. Deer are found only in the winter للتذكير : ,، هذا الموضوع ليس للغش و النقل الاعمى دون فائدة,، ,، سيتم وضع المصادر وبعض المعلومات المساعده حتى نفتح المجال للطلاب بالاعتماد على انفسهم ,، |
[align=center]السلاام عليكم والرحمة يسلمو اخوي شي حلوو تقدم مسااعداات خخخ المهم مالك بالطويله...لو ما عليك كلاافه بغيت اعرف شلون اكتب براقرااف عن نفسي ...يعني هو لو تكتب براقراف عن نفسك او اي شخص ثاني بس عشان اشوف شلون تكتبون البراقراف....لان اريده بااجر الاستااذ يريده بااجر وبعد صفحتين يبااه<<واايد يتشرط :( لو سمحت اكتب لي وااحد وانا بشوفه وبكتب اللي اعرفه...اوكيك... شكرا اخوي من الحيين.[/align] |
بلييز عندي طلب بغيت تقرير عن time thieves او how to beat time thieves بلييز لاتردوني بغيته سهل ويكون مفصل انا دورت وايد بس بغيت ازيد وبغيت تكون المقدمه والختمه موجوده وثاانكس بس بلييز اهم شي المقدمه والخاتمه ....وشكرا |
ثااان** اخوي . |
[align=center]لو سمحت انا بغيييت بحث بس يكون كامل مكمل من مقدمه وموضوع وخاتمه والمراجع والفهرس وكللللللللل شي للبحث عن التدخين وكل شي عنه بس بالانقليزي اكيد ومشكور وماقصرت وفي أسرع وقت ممكن لان الدرجات بدت تنحط ... وثانكس[/align] |
مرحبا اخوي اشحالك وبصراحه ربي يعطيك العافيه ع هذي الجهود الطيبه وتسلم يمناك ع البحوث والتقارير اولا بصراحه انا مخلصه الدراسه وما احتاج شيء بس حبيت اشكرك ع هذي الجهود وثانيا انا اخوي بالصف الحادي عشر (( الثاني الثانوي الادبي)) ويبغي بحث عن اي شيء يخص المنهج ((0الفصل الثاني)) واتمني انك تساعدني ارجوووووك وابيه يوم الجمعه اذا ما عليك اماره والسموووووحه منك |
تسلم اخووي عالموضوع..والسموحة عالقصور..d428a6aa93 8680010521: |
السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته اخوي لو سمحت تروم تساعدني في كتابة مقارنه بين دولتين <اي دولتين في العالم> تقبلوا خالص تحياتي أخوكمــــ نــــوافـــــ |
السلام عليكم والرحمهـ.. مرحبا اخوويه مشكووور ع مجهوودك ولاهنت ان شاء الله لو سمـــحت اذا ماعليك امارة بغيت تقرير عن ((friend ship))بس اتمنى انه يكون صفحتين ومعاه مقدمة ومراجع.. والسموحــهـ اخويه تعبنااك.. |
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